GNF - Data Lake Titicaca
 

Detailed Data

Lake Titicaca - Peru, Bolivia

 

Partner Living Lakes

CEDAS - Centro de Desarrollo Ambiental y Social

Partner Lake since

2003

Origin

tectonic 

Age

inter-glacial period of the Pleistocene 

State of protection

Ramsar site (since 1998)

Reserva Nacional del Titicaca (since 1978)

Size

8,400 sq. km [km²]

Major Lake (Lago Chucuito): 7,400 sq. km

Minor Lake (Lago Huinaymarca): 1,000 sq. km

Length

170 m 

Water volume

893 billion cubic m [m³]

Maximum depth

284 m (Major Lake)

  41 m (Minor Lake)

Average depth

107 m (Major Lake)

    9 m (Minor Lake)

Sea level

3,812 m 

Catchment area

150,000 sq. km [km²] 

(TDPS - Titicaca-Desaguadero-Poopó-Coipasa basin)

In-flows

27,

beneath 6 major tributaries: Ramis, Ilave, Coata, Huancana, Suchez and Katari

Out-flows

1 (Desaguadero River) 

Islands

42 islands, some of them are made by hand from totora reeds

Salinity

fresh water (0.78 - 1.2 g/l) 

Precipitation per year

880 mm

Major Lake: 889 mm

Minor Lake: 829 mm

Mean air temperature

9.0 °C 

Completely frozen over

never

Ice cover - days

none 

Location

Bolivia, Peru 

Vegetation of the surrounding area

83.7 % natural landscape

  5.2 % agricultural land

11.1 % others

Aquatic plants

12 varieties, including:

Reed Plant  / Cattail (Schoenplectus totora)

Whitestem Pondweed (Elodea potamogeton)

Duckweed (Lemma sp.)

Muskgrass (Chara sp.)

Birds

95 species of resident and migratory birds, including:

Zambullidor del Titicaca (Centropelma micropterum)

Puna Ibis (Plegadis ridgwayi)

Neotropic Cormorant (Phalacrocorax olivaceus)

Heron (Phleocryptes melanops)

resident families:

ducks (Anatidae)

rails (Rallidae)

migratory families:

Plovers (Charadriidae)

Sandpipers (Scolopacidae)

Flamingos (Phoenicopte - ridae)

threatened species:

Chilean Flamingo (Phoenicopterus cilensis)

Puna Flamingo (Phoenicopterus janesi)

Andean Flamingo (Phoenicopterus andinus)

Mammals

Vizcacha (Lagidium peruanum)

Wild Guinea Pig (Cavia Ischudii)

Andean Wild Wolf (Pseudalopex culpaeus)

Amphibians

18 native species:

Titicaca Water Frog (Telmatobius culeus), endemic

Aquatic Frog (Telmatobius ssp.)

Common Frog (Bufo spinulosus)

Fish

30 native species,  out of which 21 endemic

Killfish (Orestias spp.)

Suche (Trychomicterus rivulatum)

Rainbow Trout and Stream Trout (Oncorhynchus mikkis)

Peje-rrey (Basilichthys bonaerensis)

Inhabitants in the lake area

2 million

Biggest problem

untreatened waste water from households, industries, mining and hotels

Industrial exploitation

over-fishing as well as high pressure on native fishes

Agricultural exploitation

intensive farming near the shore (cows, sheeps, cereal crops)

Tourism activities

uncontrolled massive tourism, negative impact over archaeological sites